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Ready-To-Use Anti-SMAD3 (RABBIT) Antibody
Ready-To-Use SMAD3 Antibody
- SPECIFICATION
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- BACKGROUND
| Host | Rabbit |
|---|---|
| Conjugate | Unconjugated |
| Target Species | Human |
| Reactivity | Human |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
Application 
| WB, IHC, E, IP, I, LCI |
| Application Note | Ready-To-Use Anti-SMAD3 Antibody has been optimized and validated in western blot using 1:1000 dilution. This Anti-SMAD3 (RTU) Antibody is sufficient to run 10 western blots. Expect a band approximately 48.1 kDa in size corresponding to human Smad3 protein by western blotting in the appropriate tissue or cell lysate or extract. Although not tested, this antibody is likely functional in ELISA, immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry. Optimal titers for these applications should be determined by the researcher. |
| Physical State | Liquid (sterile filtered) |
| Buffer | 0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2 |
| Immunogen | SMAD3 Antibody was prepared by repeated immunizations with a synthetic peptide corresponding to an internal region of human Smad3 protein surrounding amino acid residue 179. |
| Stabilizer | 0.01% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), 25% (v/v) Glycerol |
| Preservative | 0.01% (w/v) Sodium Azide |
| Gene ID | 4088 |
|---|---|
| Other Names | 4088 |
| Purity | RTU Anti-SMAD3 Antibody is directed against human Smad3 protein. The product was affinity purified from monospecific antiserum by immunoaffinity purification. Reactivity occurs against human Smad3 protein corresponding to an internal region surrounding amino acid residue 179. A BLAST analysis was used to suggest cross reactivity with Smad3 from human, mouse, rat, pig, dog, and marmoset based on 100% sequence homology with the immunogen. Reactivity against homologues from other sources is not known. |
| Storage Condition | Store vial at 2-8° C prior to opening. May aliquot contents and freeze at -20° C or below for extended storage. Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing. Centrifuge product if not completely clear after standing at room temperature. Dilute only prior to use. |
| Precautions Note | This product is for research use only and is not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic applications. |
| Name | SMAD3 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | MADH3 |
| Function | Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD3/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. Also can form a SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex at the AP- 1/SMAD site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated transcription. Has an inhibitory effect on wound healing probably by modulating both growth and migration of primary keratinocytes and by altering the TGF-mediated chemotaxis of monocytes. This effect on wound healing appears to be hormone-sensitive. Regulator of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis and inhibits early healing of bone fractures. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. |
| Cellular Location | Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Cytoplasmic and nuclear in the absence of TGF-beta. On TGF-beta stimulation, migrates to the nucleus when complexed with SMAD4 (PubMed:15799969, PubMed:21145499). Through the action of the phosphatase PPM1A, released from the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, and exported out of the nucleus by interaction with RANBP1 (PubMed:16751101, PubMed:19289081). Co-localizes with LEMD3 at the nucleus inner membrane (PubMed:15601644). MAPK-mediated phosphorylation appears to have no effect on nuclear import (PubMed:19218245). PDPK1 prevents its nuclear translocation in response to TGF-beta (PubMed:17327236). Localized mainly to the nucleus in the early stages of embryo development with expression becoming evident in the cytoplasm of the inner cell mass at the blastocyst stage (By similarity) {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BUN5, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15601644, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15799969, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16751101, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17327236, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19218245, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19289081, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21145499} |
Thousands of laboratories across the world have published research that depended on the performance of antibodies from Abcepta to advance their research. Check out links to articles that cite our products in major peer-reviewed journals, organized by research category.
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Provided below are standard protocols that you may find useful for product applications.
Background
This antibody is designed, produced, and validated as part of a collaboration between Rockland and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and is suitable for Cancer, Immunology and Nuclear Signaling research. Smad3 (also known as Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3, Mothers against DPP homolog 3, Mad3, hMAD-3, JV15-2 or hSMAD3) is a transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinase. These activators exert diverse effects on a wide array of cellular processes. The Smad proteins mediate much of the signaling responses induced by the TGF-beta superfamily. Activated type I receptor phosphorylates receptor-activated Smads (R-Smads) at their c-terminal two extreme serines in the S-S-X-S motif, e.g. Smad2 and Smad3 proteins in the TGF-b pathway, or Smad1, Smad5 or Smad8 in the bone morphogenic protein or BMP pathway. Upon phosphorylation R-Smads are translocated into nucleus, where they regulate transcription of target genes. Based on microarray and animal model experiments, Smad3 accounts for at least 80% of all TGF-b-mediated response. All Rockland Immunochemical’s SMAD3 antibodies are affinity-purified to assure both high affinity and specificity. Rigorous quality control testing ensures that the finished product meets or exceeds out high standards for optimum performance in your assays.
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