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> home > Products > Primary Antibodies > Signal Transduction > Transglutaminase (TGM2) Antibody (Center K444)
Transglutaminase (TGM2) Antibody (Center K444)
Purified Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (Pab)
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Application 
| WB, IF, IHC-P, E |
|---|---|
| Primary Accession | P21980 |
| Reactivity | Human |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Calculated MW | 77329 Da |
| Antigen Region | 429-458 aa |
| Gene ID | 7052 |
|---|---|
| Other Names | Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2, Tissue transglutaminase, Transglutaminase C, TG(C), TGC, TGase C, Transglutaminase H, TGase H, Transglutaminase-2, TGase-2, TGM2 |
| Target/Specificity | This Transglutaminase (TGM2) antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 429-458 amino acids from the Central region of human Transglutaminase (TGM2). |
| Dilution | IF~~1:10~50 WB~~1:1000 IHC-P~~1:10~50 |
| Format | Purified polyclonal antibody supplied in PBS with 0.09% (W/V) sodium azide. This antibody is prepared by Saturated Ammonium Sulfate (SAS) precipitation followed by dialysis against PBS. |
| Storage | Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 2 weeks. For long term storage store at -20°C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Precautions | Transglutaminase (TGM2) Antibody (Center K444) is for research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. |
| Name | TGM2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17939176, ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:11778} |
|---|---|
| Function | Calcium-dependent acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between peptide-bound glutamine and various primary amines, such as gamma-amino group of peptide-bound lysine, or mono- and polyamines, thereby producing cross-linked or aminated proteins, respectively (PubMed:23941696, PubMed:31991788, PubMed:9252372). Involved in many biological processes, such as bone development, angiogenesis, wound healing, cellular differentiation, chromatin modification and apoptosis (PubMed:1683874, PubMed:27270573, PubMed:7935379, PubMed:9252372, PubMed:28198360). Acts as a protein- glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase by mediating the cross-linking of proteins, such as ACO2, HSPB6, FN1, HMGB1, RAP1GDS1, SLC25A4/ANT1, SPP1 and WDR54 (PubMed:23941696, PubMed:24349085, PubMed:29618516, PubMed:30458214). Under physiological conditions, the protein cross- linking activity is inhibited by GTP; inhibition is relieved by Ca(2+) in response to various stresses (PubMed:18092889, PubMed:7592956, PubMed:7649299). When secreted, catalyzes cross-linking of proteins of the extracellular matrix, such as FN1 and SPP1 resulting in the formation of scaffolds (PubMed:12506096). Plays a key role during apoptosis, both by (1) promoting the cross-linking of cytoskeletal proteins resulting in condensation of the cytoplasm, and by (2) mediating cross-linking proteins of the extracellular matrix, resulting in the irreversible formation of scaffolds that stabilize the integrity of the dying cells before their clearance by phagocytosis, thereby preventing the leakage of harmful intracellular components (PubMed:7935379, PubMed:9252372). In addition to protein cross-linking, can use different monoamine substrates to catalyze a vast array of protein post-translational modifications: mediates aminylation of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline or histamine into glutamine residues of target proteins to generate protein serotonylation, dopaminylation, noradrenalinylation or histaminylation, respectively (PubMed:23797785, PubMed:30867594). Mediates protein serotonylation of small GTPases during activation and aggregation of platelets, leading to constitutive activation of these GTPases (By similarity). Plays a key role in chromatin organization by mediating serotonylation and dopaminylation of histone H3 (PubMed:30867594, PubMed:32273471). Catalyzes serotonylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594). Acts as a mediator of neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons: catalyzes dopaminylation of 'Gln-5' of histone H3 (H3Q5dop), thereby regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (PubMed:32273471). Regulates vein remodeling by mediating serotonylation and subsequent inactivation of ATP2A2/SERCA2 (By similarity). Also acts as a protein deamidase by mediating the side chain deamidation of specific glutamine residues of proteins to glutamate (PubMed:20547769, PubMed:9623982). Catalyzes specific deamidation of protein gliadin, a component of wheat gluten in the diet (PubMed:9623982). May also act as an isopeptidase cleaving the previously formed cross-links (PubMed:26250429, PubMed:27131890). Also able to participate in signaling pathways independently of its acyltransferase activity: acts as a signal transducer in alpha-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated stimulation of phospholipase C-delta (PLCD) activity and is required for coupling alpha-1 adrenergic agonists to the stimulation of phosphoinositide lipid metabolism (PubMed:8943303). |
| Cellular Location | Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus. Chromosome. Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVJ6}. Mitochondrion. Note=Mainly localizes to the cytosol (PubMed:9575137). Present at much lower level in the nucleus and chromatin (PubMed:9575137). Also secreted via a non-classical secretion pathway to the extracellular matrix (PubMed:27270573) |
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Application Protocols
Provided below are standard protocols that you may find useful for product applications.
Background
Transglutaminases are enzymes that catalyze the crosslinking of proteins by epsilon-gamma glutamyl lysine isopeptide bonds. While the primary structure of transglutaminases is not conserved, they all have the same amino acid sequence at their active sites and their activity is calcium-dependent. TGM2 acts as a monomer, is induced by retinoic acid, and appears to be involved in apoptosis. It has been identified as the autoantigen implicated in celiac disease.
References
Porzio,O., Hum. Mutat. 28 (11), 1150 (2007)
Parsons,A.C., Am J Dermatopathol 29 (5), 433-436 (2007)
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$ 365.00
$ 140.00
Cat# AP7826d
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