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SMAD2 Antibody (T220)
Affinity Purified Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (Pab)
- SPECIFICATION
- CITATIONS
- PROTOCOLS
- BACKGROUND
Application 
| IHC-P-Leica, WB, E |
|---|---|
| Primary Accession | Q15796 |
| Other Accession | O70436, Q62432, Q9I9P9, Q1W668 |
| Reactivity | Human, Mouse |
| Predicted | Bovine, Zebrafish, Rat |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Calculated MW | 52306 Da |
| Antigen Region | 201-230 aa |
| Gene ID | 4087 |
|---|---|
| Other Names | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2, MAD homolog 2, Mothers against DPP homolog 2, JV18-1, Mad-related protein 2, hMAD-2, SMAD family member 2, SMAD 2, Smad2, hSMAD2, SMAD2, MADH2, MADR2 |
| Target/Specificity | This SMAD2 antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 201-230 amino acids from human SMAD2. |
| Dilution | WB~~1:1000-2000 IHC-P-Leica~~1:250 |
| Format | Purified polyclonal antibody supplied in PBS with 0.09% (W/V) sodium azide. This antibody is purified through a protein A column, followed by peptide affinity purification. |
| Storage | Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 2 weeks. For long term storage store at -20°C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Precautions | SMAD2 Antibody (T220) is for research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. |
| Name | SMAD2 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | MADH2, MADR2 |
| Function | Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. Promotes TGFB1-mediated transcription of odontoblastic differentiation genes in dental papilla cells (By similarity). Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma (PubMed:8752209). |
| Cellular Location | Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Cytoplasmic and nuclear in the absence of TGF-beta. On TGF-beta stimulation, migrates to the nucleus when complexed with SMAD4 or with IPO7 (PubMed:21145499, PubMed:9865696). On dephosphorylation by phosphatase PPM1A, released from the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, and exported out of the nucleus by interaction with RANBP1 (PubMed:16751101, PubMed:19289081). Localized mainly to the nucleus in the early stages of embryo development with expression becoming evident in the cytoplasm at the blastocyst and epiblast stages (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q62432, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16751101, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19289081, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21145499, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9865696} |
| Tissue Location | Expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle, endothelial cells, heart and placenta. |
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Provided below are standard protocols that you may find useful for product applications.
Background
The protein belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the proteins of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. The phosphorylation induces the dissociation of this protein with SARA and the association with the family member SMAD4. The association with SMAD4 is important for the translocation of this protein into the nucleus, where it binds to target promoters and forms a transcription repressor complex with other cofactors. This protein can also be phosphorylated by activin type 1 receptor kinase, and mediates the signal from the activin.
References
References for protein:
1.Funaba,M., J. Biol. Chem. 277 (44), 41361-41368 (2002)
2.Wicks,S.J., Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (21), 8103-8111 (2000)
References for SY5Y (SH-SY5Y; ATCC#CRL-2266): 1. Ross RA, et al. Coordinate morphological and biochemical interconversion of human neuroblastoma cells. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 71: 741-749, 1983. [PubMed: 6137586]; 2. Biedler JL, et al. Multiple neurotransmitter synthesis by human neuroblastoma cell lines and clones. Cancer Res. 38: 3751-3757, 1978. [PubMed: 29704].
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