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> home > Products > Primary Antibodies > Antibody Collections > Anti-Kinome Antibodies > Anti-PKR Picoband Antibody
Anti-PKR Picoband Antibody
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Application 
| WB |
|---|---|
| Primary Accession | P19525 |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Reactivity | Human |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Format | Lyophilized |
| Description | Rabbit IgG polyclonal antibody for Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase(EIF2AK2) detection. Tested with WB in Human. |
| Reconstitution | Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. |
| Gene ID | 5610 |
|---|---|
| Other Names | Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase, 2.7.11.1, Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2, eIF-2A protein kinase 2, Interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase, P1/eIF-2A protein kinase, Protein kinase RNA-activated, PKR, Protein kinase R, Tyrosine-protein kinase EIF2AK2, 2.7.10.2, p68 kinase, EIF2AK2, PKR, PRKR |
| Calculated MW | 62094 MW KDa |
| Application Details | Western blot, 0.1-0.5 µg/ml, Human |
| Subcellular Localization | Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Nuclear localization is elevated in acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), melanoma, breast, colon, prostate and lung cancer patient samples or cell lines as well as neurocytes from advanced Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patients. |
| Tissue Specificity | Highly expressed in thymus, spleen and bone marrow compared to non-hematopoietic tissues such as small intestine, liver, or kidney tissues. Colocalizes with GSK3B and TAU in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. Elevated levels seen in breast and colon carcinomas,and which correlates with tumor progression and invasiveness or risk of progression. . |
| Protein Name | Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase |
| Contents | Each vial contains 5mg BSA, 0.9mg NaCl, 0.2mg Na2HPO4, 0.05mg NaN3. |
| Immunogen | A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human PKR(511-551aa EKTLLQKLLSKKPEDRPNTSEILRTLTVWKKSPEKNERHTC), different from the related mouse sequence by fifteen amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by thirteen amino acid |
| Purification | Immunogen affinity purified. |
| Cross Reactivity | No cross reactivity with other proteins. |
| Storage | At -20˚C for one year. After r˚Constitution, at 4˚C for one month. It˚Can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20˚C for a longer time.Avoid repeated freezing and thawing. |
| Name | EIF2AK2 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | PKR, PRKR |
| Function | IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) and plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection (PubMed:18835251, PubMed:19189853, PubMed:19507191, PubMed:21072047, PubMed:21123651, PubMed:22381929, PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23229543). Inhibits viral replication via the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2S1/eIF-2- alpha phosphorylation in response to viral infection converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, resulting to a shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4 (PubMed:19189853, PubMed:21123651, PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23229543). Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1) (PubMed:11836380, PubMed:19189853, PubMed:19840259, PubMed:20171114, PubMed:21710204, PubMed:23115276, PubMed:23399035). Also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation: phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11 (PubMed:11836380, PubMed:19229320, PubMed:22214662). In addition to serine/threonine- protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (PubMed:20395957). Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFNs (PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23084476, PubMed:23372823). Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6 (PubMed:10848580, PubMed:15121867, PubMed:15229216). Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP) (PubMed:20685959). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) (PubMed:20685959). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes (PubMed:22801494). Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin (By similarity). |
| Cellular Location | Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Note=Nuclear localization is elevated in acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), melanoma, breast, colon, prostate and lung cancer patient samples or cell lines as well as neurocytes from advanced Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease patients. |
| Tissue Location | Highly expressed in thymus, spleen and bone marrow compared to non-hematopoietic tissues such as small intestine, liver, or kidney tissues. Colocalizes with GSK3B and TAU in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. Elevated levels seen in breast and colon carcinomas, and which correlates with tumor progression and invasiveness or risk of progression. |
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Application Protocols
Provided below are standard protocols that you may find useful for product applications.
Background
EIF2AK2 (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2-Alpha Kinase 2), also called PKR, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EIF2AK2 gene. Activation of EIF2AK2 allows the kinase to phosphorylate its natural substrate, the alpha subunit of eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor-2, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis. By FISH analysis, Squire et al. (1993) assigned the EIF2AK2 gene to the boundary between chromosome 2p22-p21. Ben-Asouli et al. (2002) showed that human gamma-interferon mRNA uses local activation of PKR in the cell to control its own translation yield. IFNG mRNA was found to activate PKR through a pseudoknot in its 5-prime untranslated region. Taylor et al. (1999) studied the mechanism underlying the resistance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) to interferon. They demonstrated that the HCV envelope protein E2 contains a sequence identical with phosphorylation sites of the interferon-inducible protein kinase PKR and the translation initiation factor EIF2-alpha, a target of PKR. E2 inhibited the kinase activity of PKR and blocked its inhibitory effect on protein synthesis and cell growth.
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$ 370.00
Cat# ABO12489
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